Comparison of Cloud, Sync & Email services

There are many people out there who have decided to pursue the noble goal of a Techxodus. This means:

Independence: using software that is not made or controlled by Big Tech monopolists (Google, Apple, Microsoft, Meta, Amazon), who together have almost unchecked control about people's digital lives. See also Techxodus Wiki
Freedom: only using free and open source software, i.e. software published under a copyleft or permissive license. If the developer ever becomes evil, it will be possible to fork the software. The fact that Konqueror was published under the GPL forced Apple and Google to publish the source code for their browser engines (WebKit and Blink) - thus enabling "good" forks (Brave, Ungoogled-Chromium) of "bad" software (Chrome). See also FSF Directory
Privacy: using software that respects the user's privacy. For example, a service that allows anonymous sign-up or offers end-to-end encryption of all user data. A closed source software can by definition not be trusted to respect the users privacy, because there is no way of really knowing what's going on in the background. See also PrivacyTools or PrivacyGuides
Openness: using software that relies on open standards, thereby avoiding vendor lock-in. For example, an email provider should be compatible with any email client running on any operating system.
Neutrality: using software that can censor information or ban users, and that is ideally developed by a politically neutral entity. For example, an end-to-end encrypted messenger can't censor messages because it can't even read the messages in the first place, and a federated messenger can't ban users because there is no central server that has control over who is using the messenger.

In some cases it's easy. For example, replace your browser with Firefox - it is free software, it can be configured to respect your privacy, and it is not made by a Big Tech company nor based on their product (i.e., Chromium). Or you can use Brave Search as your search engine - it does not track its users, and it is based on its own search index (unlike DuckDuckGo and Startpage, which mostly use the Bing and Google index, respectively).

In other cases, it's almost impossible. When it comes to mobile operating systems, there are only two options: iOS made by Apple (Big Tech, not private, not open source), and Android made by Google (Big Tech, even less private, only partially open source). Symbian or BlackBerry OS are long dead. GNU/Linux exists for phones (e.g. Sailfish OS, Ubuntu Touch, postmarketOS) but is not generally available preinstalled and lacks the most important mobile apps, and is hence not yet suitable as a daily driver for 99% of people.

In some cases there might be alternatives, but they're simply inferior. OpenStreetMaps is alright, but it can't measure up to Google Maps. LibreOffice Calc is a decent product, but can't compete with Microsoft Excel.

Here, I am looking at cloud services, which includes file sync, PIM (addressbook, calendar, to-do list, and notes), as well as email hosting (which often integrates PIM services). The Big Three - Apple, Google, and Microsoft - really offer a complete package, where the individual services are working well together and offer a very convenient cloud service to users. I have set out to see whether a Techxodus is possible, and whether there is an email + file sync + PIM provider out there that ticks all the boxes: independence from Big Tech, no vendor lock-in, free and open source software, no politics, and great privacy, ideally by means of end-to-end encryption which would make it impossible for the service provider (or anyone else, like the police) to read the user data.

Comparison of Cloud, Sync & Email services

Source: eylenburg.github.io

Last updated: January 2022

General information								File sync						Addressbook, Calendar & Tasks				Email			Other		Pricing (single user, annual price in EUR)
General information								File sync						Addressbook, Calendar & Tasks				Email			Other		Mail storage			File storage
Product	Developer	Jurisdiction	Anonymous payments?	Two-factor authentication?	Software license	Offered for self-hosting?	Data encrypted at rest?	End-to-end encryption?	WebDAV (or other APIfor integration in 3rd-party apps)?	Edit files in browser?	Share files & folders?	Two-way sync with Desktop?Windows, macOS, and Linux	Two-way sync with Android?Only Android considered as iOS does not allow third-party apps to have full file system access or background sync (and iCloud does not support two-way sync).	End-to-end encryption?	Has all three?	CardDAV & CalDAV support?	Access in browser?	Zero access encryption?	IMAP support?	Access in browser?	Notes?	Password manager?	≥5 GB	≥15 GB	≥50 GB	≥20 GB	≥100 GB	≥500 GB	≥1 TB	≥2 TB	Comment
Apple iCloud	Apple Inc. Big Tech PRISM Woke	🇺🇸 USA	Apple gift cards paid in cash	Yes	Proprietary	No	Emails only in transit	No	No	Yes (Apple iWork)	Yes	No Linux support	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	free (5 GB)	???12 (50 GB)			???36 (200 GB)	???120 (2 TB)			Can be shared with up to 6 people
Box	Box, Inc. Woke	🇺🇸 USA	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	API	Yes (Microsoft Office Online)	Yes	Linux via 3rd party appssuch as GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync								Yes					???108 (100 GB)		???486 (unlimited)only available for Team subscription with 3 users minimum			Unlimited plan shows price for 3 users (minimum amount).
Dropbox	Box, Inc. Woke	🇺🇸 USA	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	API	Yes (Microsoft Office Online)	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync								Yes					???120 (2 TB)					Family plan also available.
ecloud¹	e.foundation Non-Profit	🇫🇷 France	Crypto	Yes	Free	Yes	Yes	No	WebDAV	Yes (OnlyOffice)	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes		???20 (20 GB)		???40 (64 GB)	???20 (20 GB)	???60 (128 GB)	???130 (1 TB)			Self-hosted cost: either hardware upfront costs (~???50 for RaspPi + ~???50 for 1 TB HDD) or ~???60 p.a. for cheap VPS (e.g. 1 TB at AlphaVPS)
Etesync	Etesync Ltd.	🇬🇧 UK	Crypto	No	Free	Yes	Yes							Yes	Yes	Yes (via EteSync Bridge)	Yes				Yes										Hosted by EteSync developers: ???21 p.a.; Self-hosted cost: either hardware upfront costs (~???50 for RaspPi) or ~???12 p.a. for cheap VPS
Fastmail	Fastmail Pty Ltd	🇦🇺 Australia	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	WebDAV (and FTP)	No (but can manage files in browser)	No (only team members)	via 3rd party appssuch as FreeFileSync or GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes, except tasks	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	???44 (30 GB)additional 10 GB for files		???80 (100 GB)additional 50 GB for files	???160 (100 GB)additional 200 GB for emails
Filen	Filen Cloud Dienste UG	🇩🇪 Germany	Crypto	Yes	Proprietary but source available (clients)	No	Yes	Yes	No (not compatible with E2EE)	No (but can manage files in browser)	Yes	Yes	No													???12 (100 GB)		???40 (500 GB)	???90 (2 TB)		Lifetime purchase options also available.
fruux	fruux GmbH	🇩🇪 Germany	Crypto	No	Proprietarybut mostly based on open source projects (sabre/dav)	No alternative: Baikal (also by fruux GmbH)	Yes							No	Yes	Yes	Yes														Free for syncing two devices, otherwise ???40 p.a.
Google One Google Drive & GMail etc.	Alphabet Inc. Big Tech PRISM Woke Evil	🇺🇸 USA	Google Play gift cards paid in cash	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	API	Yes (Google Docs Editors)	Yes	Linux via 3rd party appssuch as insync, FreeFileSync, or GoodSync	Android via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes, except tasks (own API)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	free (15 GB)		???20 (100 GB)			???100 (2 TB)			Can be shared with up to 6 people
GMX/Mail.com	United Internet AG Woke	🇩🇪 Germany	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	In transit only	No	WebDAV (and FTP)	Yes (GMX Online Office)based on LibreOffice	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FreeFileSync or GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes, except tasks	No	Yes	Yes			free (65 GB)			???24 (100 GB)additional 65 GB for emails		???96 (500 GB)additional 65 GB for emails	???179 (1 TB)additional 65 GB for emails	???335 (2 TB)additional 65 GB for emails
Icedrive	ID Cloud Services Ltd.	🇬🇧 UK	Crypto (lifetime deals only)	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	Yes (limited)optional "encrypted folder" with limited features, e.g. no WebDAV	WebDAV (not for E2EE files)	No (but can manage files in browser)	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync													???22 (150 GB)		???50 (1 TB)		???180 5 TB	Lifetime purchase options also available.
Infomaniak kDrive & Workspace	Infomaniak Network SA	🇨🇭 Switzerland	No	Yes	Clients are free	No	Yes	No	WebDAV	Yes (Infomaniak Office)based on OnlyOffice	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes			free (20 GB)		incl. with domainunlimited mail storage if you register a domain with them	???60 (2 TB)					Family plan also available
Internxt Drive	Internxt Universal Technologies SL	🇪🇸 Spain	Crypto (on request)	Yes	Free	No	Yes	Yes	No (not compatible with E2EE)	No (but can manage files in browser)	Yes	Yes	No													???11 (20 GB)	???42 (100 GB)	???108 (2 TB)			Lifetime purchase options also available.
Kolab Now	Apheleia IT AG	🇨🇭 Switzerland	Crypto	Yes	Free	Yes	In transit only	No	WebDAV	Yes (Collabora Office)	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FreeFileSync or GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes		???120 (5 GB)only email (without files, calendar etc.) for ???57 p.a.	???142 (15 GB)	???242 (50 GB)	???156 (20 GB)	???385 (100 GB)
Mailbox.org	Heinlein Hosting GmbH	🇩🇪 Germany	Cash via post	Yes	Mostly free (mostly based on Open-Xchange)	No alternative: Open-Xchange	Yes	No	WebDAV	Yes (OX Office)	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FreeFileSync or GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes (needs PGP support in client)To use encrypted mail (zero access encryption), the user will need to decrypt them on the local device, e.g. using Thunderbird, or the OpenKeychain app on Android	Yes			???36 (10 GB)	???46 (15 GB)	???149 (50 GB)	???48 (20 GB)also includes 10 GB mail storage	???121 (100 GB)also includes 10 GB mail storage	???309 (500 GB)also includes 25 GB mail storage	???538 (1 TB)also includes 25 GB mail storage	???996 (2 TB)also includes 25 GB mail storage
Mailfence	ContactOffice Group SA	🇧🇪 Belgium	Crypto	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	WebDAV	Yes (Contact Office)	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FreeFileSync or GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	No tasks	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes (needs PGP support in client)To use encrypted mail (zero access encryption), the user will need to decrypt them on the local device, e.g. using Thunderbird, or the OpenKeychain app on Android	Yes			???30 (5 GB)also includes 12 GB for files	???90 (20 GB)also includes 24 GB for files	???300 (50 GB)also includes 70 GB for files	???90 (24 GB)additional 20 GB for emails
Mega	Mega Ltd.	🇳🇿 New Zealand	Crypto	Yes	Proprietary but source available (clients)	No	Yes	Yes	API, also WebDAV server via MegaCMD	No (but can manage files in browser)	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync													free (20 GB)	???50 (400 GB)	???100 (2 TB)
Microsoft 365 OneDrive & Outlook.com	Microsoft Corp. Big Tech PRISM Woke	🇺🇸 USA	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	API	Yes (Microsoft Office Online)	Yes	Linux via 3rd party appssuch as insync, FreeFileSync, or GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Uses MS Exchange instead	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	free (15 GB)		???69 (50 GB)included with 1 TB subscription	???24 (100 GB)		???69 (1 TB)Mail storage also upgraded from 15 GB to 50 GB			Family plan also available. 1 TB plan includes Microsoft Office Online.
Nextcloud (various hosters)	Nextcloud GmbH	🇩🇪 Germany	depends on hoster	Yes	Free	Yes	Yes	Yes (limited)optional "encrypted folder" with limited features, e.g. no access in browser	WebDAV (not for E2EE files)	Yes (Nextcloud Officebased on Collabora Office and othersOnlyOffice, Collabora Office, Hancom Office, Microsoft Office Online)	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes			IMAP mail client in browser	Yes	Yes	Hetzner Storage Share: Ionos Managed Nextcloud: Hosting.de Managed Nextcloud: Owncube (single user only!):				???41 ???59 ???15	???70 ???72 ???83	???113 ???108 ???119 ???50	???141 ???299 ???70	Can be shared by multiple users. Self-hosted cost: either hardware upfront costs (~???50 for RaspPi + ~???50 for 1 TB HDD) or ~???60 p.a. for cheap VPS (e.g. 1 TB at AlphaVPS)
Nordlocker	Nordsec Ltd.	🇵🇦 Panama	Crypto	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	Yes (claimed)encryption cannot be verified as apps are closed source	No (not compatible with E2EE)	No (but can manage files in browser)	No (only with other Nordlocker users)	No Linux support	No									Yes				???34 (500 GB)			???85 (2 TB)
pCloud	pCloud AG	🇨🇭 Switzerland	Crypto	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	Yes (limited) (claimed)optional "encrypted folder" with limited features, e.g. no sync or sharing; encryption cannot be verified as apps are closed source	API	No (but can manage files in browser)	Yes (except E2EE files)	Yes (except E2EE files)	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync													???50 (500 GB)			???100 (2 TB)		Family plan and lifetime purchase options also available.
Posteo	Posteo e.K. Non-Corporate	🇩🇪 Germany	Cash via post	Yes	Free	No	Yes							Yes (temporarily encrypted)The data will be temporarily decrypted whenever modifications are made, e.g. in the browser or via an app using CalDAV	Yes	Yes	Yes, except tasks	Yes (temporarily decrypted)emails are temporarily decrypted when accessing them, e.g. via browser or an IMAP client	Yes	Yes	Yes		???21 (5 GB)	???51 (15 GB)
ProtonMail + Calendar + Drive	Proton Technologies AG	🇨🇭 Switzerland	Crypto	Yes	Clients are free	No	Yes	Yes	No (not compatible with E2EE)	No (but can manage files in browser)	Yes	No	No	Yes	No tasks	No	Yes	Yes	Desktop onlyWindows, macOS, Linux (via ProtonMail Bridge)	Yes			???48 (5 GB)	???168 (15 GB)		???228 (20 GB)
Radicale (self-hosted)	Kozea Community Non-Corporate Non-Profit	🇫🇷 France	(no payment)	No	Free	Yes	In transit only							No	Yes	Yes	No														Self-hosted cost: either hardware upfront costs (~???50 for RaspPi) or ~???12 p.a. for cheap VPS
Runbox	Runbox Solutions As	🇳🇴 Norway	Crypto	Yes	Free	No	In transit only	No	FTP	No (but can manage files in browser)	No	via 3rd party appssuch as FreeFileSync or GoodSync	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	No tasks	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes			???30 (10 GB)additional 1 GB for files	???40 (25 GB)additional 2 GB for files	???70 (50 GB)additional 5 GB for files	???189 (20 GB)additional 50 GB for email	???825 (100 GB)additional 50 GB for emails
Seafile (various hosters)	Seafile Ltd.	🇨🇳 China	depends on hoster	Yes	Free	Yes	Yes	Yes (limited)optional "encrypted libraries" with limited features, e.g. no WebDAV; furthermore, if encrypted libraries are accessed through a web browser, the server will receive the password and store it for one hour.	WebDAV (not for E2EE files) & API	Yes (OnlyOffice or Collabora Office)If E2EE files are accessed through a web browser, the server will receive the password and store it for one hour.	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync										Single user prices: Luckycloud: YourSecureCloud:				???86 ???96	???218	???426 ???600	???815	Self-hosted cost: either hardware upfront costs (~???50 for RaspPi + ~???50 for 1 TB HDD) or ~???60 p.a. for cheap VPS (e.g. 1 TB at AlphaVPS)
StartMail	StartMail B.V.	🇳🇱 Netherlands	Crypto	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes							No	Neither calendar nor tasks	No	Yes	Yes (temporarily decrypted)emails are temporarily decrypted when accessing them, e.g. via browser or an IMAP client	Yes	Yes			???53 (10 GB)
Sync.com	Sync.com, Inc.	🇨🇦 Canada	Crypto	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	Yes (claimed)encryption cannot be verified as apps are closed source	No (not compatible with E2EE)	Yes (Microsoft Office Online)Files will be temporarily decrypted	Yes	No Linux support	No													???85 (2 TB)
Syncthing (P2P sync)	Syncthing Foundation Non-Corporate Non-Profit	🇸🇪 Sweden	(no payment)	n/a (serverless)	Free	Yes	depends on setupAlways encrypted in transit. By default Syncthing syncs files directly between device without using a server. It is up to you whether you encrypt your devices's storage or not.	n/a (serverless)	n/a (serverless) but possibleYou could set up one always-on device as a "server" which then makes the files available via WebDAV like a normal cloud server	No	No	Yes (even on Unix)Official supported are: FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonflyBSD, Illumos, and Solaris	Yes																		Self-hosted server cost: either hardware upfront costs (~???50 for RaspPi + ~???50 for 1 TB HDD) or ~???60 p.a. for cheap VPS (e.g. 1 TB at AlphaVPS)
Tresorit	Tresorit AG	🇨🇭 Switzerland	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	Yes (claimed)encryption cannot be verified as apps are closed source	No (not compatible with E2EE)	No (but can manage files in browser)	Yes	Yes	No													???100 (500 GB)			???240 (2.5 TB)
Tutanota	Tutao GmbH	🇩🇪 Germany	Crypto	Yes	Clients are free	No	Yes							Yes	No tasks	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes			???36 (11 GB)	???132 (101 GB)
Wölkli¹ Cloud & Mail	oriented.net LLC	🇨🇭 Switzerland	No	Yes	Free	No	Yes	No	WebDAV	Yes (OnlyOffice or Collabora Office)	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes (needs PGP support in client)To use encrypted mail (zero access encryption), the user will need to decrypt them on the local device, e.g. using Thunderbird, or the OpenKeychain app on Android	Yes	Yes		???206 (5 GB)			???185 (50 GB)	???401 (200 GB)	???709 (500 GB)			Family plan also offered. Cloud and Mail have to be purchased separately.
Yahoo Mail	Yahoo, Inc. PRISM Woke	🇺🇸 USA	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	In transit only							No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes		free (1 TB)
Yandex Disk & Mail	Yandex N.V.	🇳🇱 Netherlands 🇷🇺 Russia	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	WebDAV	Yes (Microsoft Office Online)	Yes	Yes	via 3rd party appssuch as FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	free (unlimited)			???18 (100 GB)		???89 (1 TB)		???266 (3 TB)
Zoho Workspace	Zoho Corp.	🇮🇳 India 🇺🇸 USA	No	Yes	Proprietary	No	Yes	No	API	Yes (Zoho Office)	Yes	Yes	Notheoretically possible via 3rd party tools using Zoho's API but currently not supported by either FolderSync or AutoSync	No	Yes	Yes, except tasks	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	???117 (30 GB)Minimum 3 users who will get 30 GB each.		???233 (100 GB)Minimum 3 users who will get 100 GB each.	???117 (100 GB)Minimum 3 users who can share 100 GB.		???223 (1 TB)Minimum 3 users who can share 1 TB.		undisclosedIt is possible to upgrade beyond 1 TB, but prices are not disclosed on the website.	Prices shown are for three users (team plans).

1: File cloud and sync based on Nextcloud

So, what's the conclusion?

There are multiple possibilities. Below I have set up five strategies how to manage your cloud setup.

Strategy 1: Don't bother and stay in the Big Tech ecosystem. At least it's comfortable and just works.

Apple iCloud (???120 p.a. for 2 TB) Big Tech No privacy Incompatible with Android and Linux
Google One (Drive & Gmail) (???100 p.a. for 2 TB) Big Tech No privacy Bond villains Incompatible with Linux
Microsoft 365 (OneDrive & Outlook.com) (???69 p.a. for 1 TB files and 50 GB mail) Big Tech No privacy Incompatible with Linux
Further choices:
- GMX/Mail.com (???96 p.a. for 500 GB files and 65 GB mail) No privacy No sync client - if you care more about mail and PIM rather than file sync
- Yandex (???89 p.a. for 1 TB files and unlimited mail storage) No privacy - if you'd rather give your data to the Russians than the Americans

All these companies offer the whole spectrum of sync and cloud services - files, mail, and PIM. You will get spied on, your data will be sold to advertisers, you will be locked into the ecosystem with no easy way to migrate your data, and you will have to use a proprietary operating system, but you also will be happy, because everything just works and is well integrated with each other. If you're using a Mac and an iPhone, going with iCloud is an obvious choice. If you need Microsoft Office you might as well use the 1 TB OneDrive you get for free with it (besides, I have to admit that Microsoft's family subscription is great value for money, especially if you buy it for half price from Amazon). It takes a strong will to opt out.

Strategy 2: Use a different one-stop solution, but one that claims to respect your privacy

ecloud (???130 p.a. for 1 TB) Non-profit Open Source
Infomaniak (kDrive & Workspace) (???60 p.a. for 2 TB) Hosted in Switzerland Open Source
Zoho Workspace (???223 p.a. for 1 TB) - targets business users rather than private individuals
If you don't need a lot of cloud storage, these providers could also be interesting:
- Fastmail (???80 p.a. for 100 GB mail + 50 GB files) No file sync client
- Kolab Now (???385 p.a. for 100 GB) Hosted in Switzerland Open Source No file sync client Expensive
- Mailbox.org (???121 p.a. for 100 GB) Email with zero access encryption Open Source No file sync client
- Mailfence (???90 p.a. for 20 GB mail + 24 GB files) Email with zero access encryption No file sync client
- Runbox (???70 p.a. for 50 GB mail + 5 GB files) Open Source No file sync client
- Wölkli Cloud & Mail (???391 for 5 GB mail + 50 GB files) Email with zero access encryption Hosted in Switzerland Open Source Expensive

These companies claim to respect your privacy, not scan your data, and not sell your data to advertisers. That's probably good enough for most people who don't want to be spied on and don't want to support the Big Tech monopolists, but also don't really need end-to-end encryption or protect their data from the government. Keep in mind that these companies can claim to not read your data, but there's nothing technically stopping them from it. If you do need or want that extra protection to keep your data safe from anyone's eyes, then you need to either get end-to-end encryption for all your services or you need to self-host at home.

Strategy 3: End-to-end encryption (E2EE) for everything

Strategy 3a: E2EE one-stop solutions

ProtonMail/Calendar/Drive (???228 p.a. for 20 GB) E2EE Hosted in Switzerland Open Source No apps or sync for ProtonDrive yet Can't edit files in browser 20 GB maximum storage No CalDAV/CardDAV No tasks in calendar no IMAP on mobile Expensive

Sadly, there is only one provider out there that offers a combination of mail hosting, calendar/contacts, and file cloud with all items fully end-to-end encrypted. That one provider is Proton Technologies. Unfortunately, while ProtonMail is a great and mature product, the other offerings (ProtonCalendar and ProtonDrive) are still very immature and can't yet compete with the more specialised providers.

Strategy 3b: combination of multiple E2EE services

Variant 1 - best in class (???172 p.a. for 5 GB mail + 2 TB files)

For email: ProtonMail E2EE Hosted in Switzerland Open Source Forced to use their mobile app
For contacts, calendar, and tasks: EteSync E2EE Open Source
For file sync: Mega E2EE Source available API for 3rd-party apps Can't edit files in browser

Variant 2 - a bit cheaper (???111 p.a. for 5 GB mail + 2 TB files)

For email and contacts/calendar/tasks: Posteo Zero access encryption Open Source Data will get temporarily decrypted No tasks in web interface
For file sync: Filen E2EE Source available No API for 3rd-party apps Can't edit files in browser

For encrypted mail there are many options, so you can choose whatever you like. ProtonMail is often recommended as the best one, but there are many other good ones. For encrypted calendars and contacts, the only good option is EteSync. Posteo is an interesting alternative to both ProtonMail and EteSync, because it supports zero access encryption for not only email, but also contacts and calendars. Finally, there are several files clouds with end-to-end encryption, but only Mega and Filen have open source clients and support Linux. Of the two, Mega is the slightly superior choice as it has an API to integrate with other applications (e.g. FolderSync support for Android), and you can even set up WebDAV if you want.

Strategy 4: Self-host

ecloud (based on Nextcloud)
Nextcloud + your own mail server or you keep your old email hoster and connect it to the Nextcloud mail app

If you don't want to spend too much time setting up your homeserver you may want to consider a plug-and-play solution such as Homedrive or Nextbox.

Kolab No file sync client

Self-hosting means taking full control of your data. Keep in mind that you should ideally self-host at home, on your own server. Renting a VPS might be easier, but in the end your hoster can still read your data if they really want to (or are forced by the government). However, self-hosting also has a number of downsides: software updates going wrong, home Internet going down, hardware problems, taking care of backups, ...